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(2009) World health statistics 2009. World Health Organization, Geneva
Keywords: health status indicators; world health; health services- statistics; mortality; morbidity; life expectancy; demography; statistics; World Health Organization
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Okuonzi SA and M J. (1995) Whose policy is it anyway? International and national influences on health policy development in Uganda. Health Policy and Planning 10(2):122–132
Abstract: As national resources for health decline, so dependence on international resources to finance the capital
and recurrent costs is increasing. This dependence, combined with an increasing emphasis on policybased,
as opposed to project-based, lending and grant-making has been accompanied by greater involvement
of international actors in the formation of national health policy. This paper explores the process of
health policy development in Uganda and examines how nnajor donors are influencing and conflicting with
national policy-making bodies. Focusing on two examples of user fees and drugs policies, it argues that
while the content of international prescriptions to strengthen the health system may not be bad in itself,
the process by which they are applied potentially threatens national sovereignty and weakens mechanisms
for ensuring accountability. It concludes by proposing that in order to increase the sustainability of policy
reforms, much greater emphasis should be placed on strengthening national capacity for policy analysis
and research, building up policy networks and enhancing the quality of information available to the public
concerning key policy changes.
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The world health report 2008 : primary health care now more than ever. World Health Organization, Geneva
Abstract: Why a renewal of primary health care (PHC), and why
now, more than ever? The immediate answer is the
palpable demand for it from Member States – not just
from health professionals, but from the
political arena as well.
Globalization is putting the social
cohesion of many countries under stress,
and health systems, as key constituents
of the architecture of contemporary
societies, are clearly not performing as
well as they could and as they should.
People are increasingly impatient with
the inability of health services to deliver levels of national
coverage that meet stated demands and changing needs,
and with their failure to provide services in ways that
correspond to their expectations. Few would disagree that
health systems need to respond better – and faster – to the
challenges of a changing world. PHC can do that.
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Fenenga C de Jager A. (2007) Cordaid-IICD Health Programme Uganda Health Management Information Systems as a tool for organisational development. IICD, The Netherlands
Abstract: A Health Management Information System (HMIS) can be a powerful tool to make health care delivery more effective
and far more efficient. This paper describes how an HMIS can also be used for organisational development and reports
on the experiences of the HMIS programme of the Uganda Catholic Medical Bureau (UCMB) in Uganda. The
programme forms part of a larger programme on ICTs for health in Uganda, Tanzania and Zambia and is supported
jointly by the International Institute for Communication and Development (IICD) and the Catholic Organisation for
Relief and Development Aid (Cordaid). The goal of the paper is to evaluate the project against a background of
organisational development and to draw practical lessons from the project that may provide guidance to new HMIS
projects in the development context.
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Gardea S Hullina C.M. Chenc R. Schulerd T. Gränza J. Knaupf P. Hovengaa J.S.E. (2007) Towards Sustainability of Health Information Systems: How Can We Define, Measure and Achieve It?
Abstract: Health information systems (HIS) in their current form are
rarely sustainable. In order to sustain our health information
systems and with it our health systems, we need to
focus on defining and maintaining sustainable Health
Information System building blocks or components. These
components need to be easily updatable when clinical
knowledge (or anything else) changes, easily adaptable
when business requirements or processes change, and easily
exchangeable when technology advances. One major
prerequisite for this is that we need to be able to define and
measure sustainability, so that it can become one of the
major business drivers in HIS development. Therefore, this
paper analyses general definitions and indicators for sustainability,
and analyses their applicability to HIS. We find
that general ‘Emergy analysis’ is one possibility to measure
sustainability for HIS. Based on this, we investigate
major enablers and inhibitors to sustainability in a highlevel
framework consisting of four pillars: clinical, technical,
socio-technical, and political/business.
Keywords: health information systems, electronic health records, sustainability, openEHR, computerized medical record systems
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